What is the Swift that eliminates a major Russian bank from Swift and is also called a financial nuclear bomb?

　The United States and allies have agreed to eliminate some Russian banks from the safe messaging network of the International Bank of Bank (SWIFT).It is a movement to strengthen sanctions on Russia, which invaded Ukraine.

　Prime Minister Kishida announced on the night of the 27th that Japan will also join the International Banking Association (SWIFT) international payment networks to eliminate some Russian banks.

　By eliminating major Russian banks from Swift, it has become a style of strengthening economic and financial sanctions in Russia.This was done on March 17, 2012 for Iran's core allegations.What is the exclusion from Swift, which is also called the "choice of nuclear bombs" in the impact of the world's economy?

　There is no payment system such as the "Silver System" used in Japan's domestic exchange rates for overseas transactions.For this reason, foreign banks have made a transaction contract with foreign banks for foreign exchange payments.That is called the Corles contract.Open a deposit account in a foreign bank and make a loan by depositing and withdrawing the account.The deposit account is called the Corles account, and the partner bank that signed a Corles contract is called the Corles Bank.

　It is physically difficult for a bank to create a deposit account in all overseas banks.For this reason, banks that do not have a deposit account are indirectly settled using the deposit trading relationships of other banks.Individual kolles related to international forms a network.

　The exchange of funds is made in this way, but there are organizations that ensure the safety of remittance.It is "Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication" and is called Swift.

　According to the Silver Cooperative site, Swift uses computers and communication lines with messages on international financial transactions between participating banks, in order to promote mechanization, rationalization and rationalization of office work related to international financial transactions between banks.It is a network system to be transmitted.

　Swift receives a remittance message encrypted from the transfer source financial institution, confirmed it, and delivered it to the financial institution at the remittance destination.Swift describes its role as "post office in international remittance," but it is an institution and system that confirms overseas remittances safely.

　Swift is also the name of the payment network operated by the International Banking Association (Swift), which is headquartered in Belgium.This system is used by more than 200 financial institutions in about 200 countries and regions for trade and remittances such as trade throughout the country, and handles 42 million remittance information per day (NHK on the 27th).

　If Swift is no longer available, companies in the country will not be able to pay for trade through banks and will not be able to make trade payments.

　This time, not all Russian banks but some major banks, the effects are widely expanded.Naturally, it will have a major impact on trade between Japan and Russia.

　In 2012, Iran was excluded from Swift by European and American economic sanctions, and the GDP growth rate of Iranian economy of this year was minus 7.It was a serious economic downturn, with 4%(NHK on the 27th).